Electric maximum-demand indicator.



No. 702,846. PatentedJune 17, I902.

A. WB IGHT.

ELECTRIC IAXIIUI DEMAND INDICATOR.

(Application filed June 26, 1900.; (I0 Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet I.

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No. 702,846. Patented lune I7, 1902.

A. WRIGHT.

ELECTRIC MAXIMUM DEMAND INDICATOR.

' (Application fi 1ed June 26, 1900.) (lo Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

WITNESSES. v v //\/VENTOR.

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N6. 702,846. Patented lune l7, I902.

A. WRIGHT.

ELECTRIC MAXIMUM DEMAND INDICATOR.

(Application filed June 26, 1900.] (lo Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

WITNESSES. I NVE NTOR.

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Patented lung l7, I962.

.A. wmmn. ELECTRIC IAXIIUI DEHAND INDICATOR.

(Application filed June 26,1900.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

INVENTOR.

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No. 702,846. Patented June l7, l902..

A. WRIGHT.

ELECTRIC MAXIMUM DEMAND INDICATOR.

(Application filed June 26, 1900. 6N0 Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELECTRIC TRUST, LIMITED,

OF BRIGHTON, ENGLAND.

ELECTRIC MAXIMUM-DEMAND INDICATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 702,846, dated June 17,1902.

Application filed June 26, 1900.

T0 aZZ whom, it nuty concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR W'RIGHT, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, and a resident of Brighton, in the county of Sussex, England,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ElectricMaximum-Demand Indicators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to maximum-demand indicators, by means of whichcertain advantages are obtained.

My invention consists, essentially, of two integers, which for thepurposes of this specification I shall term, respectively, the indicatorand the tilter.

The indicator may take one of two forms, and I shall hereinafterdifferentiate these two forms from one another by the termsliquid-indicator and click-indicator.

The liquid-indicator consists of a vessel of such form that liquid isout off from one part, hereinafter termed the reservoir, and istransferred by deoantation to another part, hereinafter termed thereceiver, in proportion to the angular movement or tilting of the saidvessel.

The click-indicator consists, essentially, of the combination of adetaining device and a detainable device. The position at which thedetainable device is detained by the detaining device is determined bythe amount of angular movement or tilting of the detainable device. Thesaid tilting or angular movement is produced by the integer hereinbeforetermed the tilter and which consists of an electromagnetic devicecapable of tilting the indicator (whether liquid or click) through anangle which will vary with the current passing, through its coil orcoils.

In order that my invention may be more readily understood, I haveappended hereto certain sheets of drawings, in which- Figure I is afront elevation of a combined tilter and liquid-indicator; Fig. II, aside elevation of the same; Fig. III, a view of certain parts of thesame during deflection; Fig. IV, a view of certain parts of the samewhen turned over for the purpose of restoring the liquid to thereservoir. Fig. IV is a detail of the adjustable support for theliquid-tube.

Serial No. 21,638. (No model.)

fixed the other alone will move, and the amount of its movement willvary with the current traversing the coil. In order that such relativemovement of the cores may take place in a convenient manner, they aremade of the shape shown in Fig. VI, so as to obtain a strong repellentaction between the wings 2 2 of the core 2 and the wings 3 3 of the core3. The core 2 is held in a fixed position by means of the block 15. Tothe said movable core 3 is aflixed aboard or frame made in two parts 44, carrying the liquidcontainer 5. This liquid-container in the form ofmy invention illustrated consists of a short tube 6 or otherconveniently-shaped vessel serving as a reservoir for the liquid. Fromthe lower part of the said reservoir a tube or passage 7 (hereinaftertermed the feed-pipe) passes to the upper part of adownwardly-projecting tube 8, (hereinafter termed the receiver.) At thepoint where the feed-pipe joins the receiver is a lip 9, and the liquidcontainer contains a liquid 10, which fills the reservoir and feed-pipeup to the level of the said lip.

The liquid-container when the instrument is first put in position has noliquid in the receiver 8, but only in the reservoir 6 and in thefeed-pipe 7, such liquid extending up to the level of the lip 9, asaforesaid. When new a current is passed through the coil 1, angularmovement of the free armature-core 3 takes place, and the container 5 istilted to such an angle that some of the liquid flows over the lip andinto the receiver 8, and the amount of liquid so transferred to thereceiver is a measure of the current passed through the coil. If thecurrent is cut off, the parts will be returned to their normal positionby virtue of the weight 11, whose position is adjustable upon the bentrod 12, attached to the part at of the frame, but the liquid in thereceiver will remain there. If now the current be switched on again andbe a smaller current than that previously passed, tilting will againtake place, but no more liquid will pass from the reservoir 6, as theangular movement will not be so great as on the previous passage of thecurrent. If, however, a current be passed through the coil greater thanthat previously passed, a greater amount of tilting orof angularmovement will take place than was formerly the case and more liquid willbe transferred to the receiver. Hence the amount of liquid found in thereceiver after a definite period of time will give an indication of themaximum current which has passed through the coil during that period.

To prevent spill from a sudden kick produced by a momentary current, aconstriction 13 is made in the feed-pipe, so that alag in the flow ofthe liquid (which liquid is by hoice one of inferior mobility) isproduced.

To enable the liquid to be returned to the reservoir and feed-pipe afterthe maximum current-say at the quarterly reading of the meter-has beentaken, the upper part of the receiver may be connected to the upper partof the reservoir by a tube 14, (hereinafter termed the replacingtubej)so that on turning the container upside down the liquid will flow fromthe receiver into the reservoir.

The two parts 4 4 of the board or frame are capable of adjustment by thecurved slot 16 and binding-screw 17. By this means the parts can beadjusted so as to make the tube 8 vertical or to bring the level of theliquid up to the lip 9. 18 is another binding screw, by means of whichthe part 4 of the frame or board can be detached from the armature 3.Then so detached, the liquid-indicator can be tilted around to theposition shown in Fig. IV for the purpose of resetting that is to say,for the purpose of restoring the liquid from the tube 8 back into itsoriginal position.

Fig. III shows the liquidindicator when tilted to an extreme or nearlyextreme position.

It is obvious that the strength of the field and the repulsion betweenthe armature-cores will vary with the ampere-turns, so that the fieldmay have two windings and may be adapted for a three or more wirecircuit.

The magnetic tilter hereinbefore described may be used not only with aliquid-indicator, but with any other form of indicatorsuch, for example,as the click-indicator hereinafter to be described. I desire it to beunderstood, however, that I do not lay any claim in my presentapplication for Letters Patent to the specific construction of saidclick-indicator. The said click-indicator is shown in Figs. V and VI, inwhich it will be seen that 19 is the pointer and 3 the angularlyvoasacmoving axis or core on which it is mounted. If now a ratchet-wheel 20 beattached to the said axis 3, so as to move angularly with the pointer orneedle 19, and if a click or pawl 21 be attached to any convenient fixedpart, as 22, of the instrument in such a manner that when deflection inthe normal direction, as shown by the arrow, takes place the click willride over the teeth of the ratchet-wheel,but

will lock between two of the said teeth when backward movement takesplace, then it will be clear that the detaining and the detainabledevices will be locked together at the point of maximum deflection andthat backward movement will be prevented. Further deflection on increaseof demand will not, however, be prevented, as the end of the click willupon such further deflection simply ride over the teeth of theratchet-wheel. The parts will always be locked, therefore, at the pointof maximum deflectionthat is to say, at the position of greatestdeflection which has taken place during the period of time for which thedemand-reading is required. To express this in another way and withreference to the specific form of instrument mentioned, the needle whilefree to be deflected in the direction shown by the arrow cannot retraceits path, but will remain at its position of maximum deflection, andthus indicate the maximum demand which has been thrown upon thesupply-circuit during the given period of time.

In connection with the click-indicator I may employ a dash-pot orretarding device of any convenient form for the purpose of obviating (orminimizing the chance of) any record be ing given of a mere kick oraccidental or shortlived deflection or a prolongation of deflection dueto momentum or the like. The said dash-pot is the equivalent of therestriction 13 of the liquid-indicator. Each is a retarding device.

The magnetic tilter hereinbefore described resembles an ammeter; butthere is this important distinction-namely, that it would be useless forthe purpose to which an ammeter is put on account of the residualmagnetism which would remain in such large masses of iron as I employ.If I constructed my tilter like an ordinary ammeter, there would be notime lag and the instrument would be altogether too delicate for mypurpose. In my tilter I must have sufficient iron to do a definite and aconsiderable amount of work, and I therefore have to employ what I haveherein shown to be a heavily-ironed instrument.

It is evident that I may use my construction of tiltingliquid-indicators with other forms of electrical actuating devices thanthe electromagnetic actuators herein shown. I also desire to emphasizethe fact that I use the term liquid herein in its broad sense, meaning amass composed of particles that move freely among each other upon theapplication of pressure. Thus water, mercury, a mass of powder, sand,small shot, or rolling bodies would be covered by the term liquid as Iuse the term.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. A meter for indicating the maximum electric demand in a period oftime, comprising an angularly-movable vessel containing a material to bedecanted and including a reservoir and receiver, the angular movement ofthe vessel decanting a portion of the material from the reservoir to thereceiver, which varies with the extent of the maximum movement,substantially as described.

2. A meter forindicating the maximum electric demand in a period of timecomprising an angularly-movable vessel, containing a material to bedecanted, and including a reservoir and a receiver, and an electricalactuating device for angularlymoving the vessel, substantially asdescribed.

3. A meter forindicating the maximum electric demandin a period of timecomprising an angularly-movable vessel, containing a material to bedecanted, and including a reservoir and a receiver, and anelectromagnetic actuating device for angularly moving the vessel,substantially as described.

t. A meter forindicating the maximum elec tric demand in a period oftime comprising an angularly-movable vessel, containing a material to bedecanted, and including a reservoir and a receiver, and an ammeter forangularly moving the vessel, substantially as described.

5. A meter forindicating the maximum electric demand in a period of timecomprising an electric actuating device, and a liquid-indicator having aconstricted passage operated thereby, substantially as described.

6. Aliquid-indicator forindicating the maximum electric demand in agiven time, comprising a tilting vessel including a reservoir, afeed-pipe, and a receiver fed therefrom with an amount of liquid whichvaries with the maximum tilt of the vessel, substantially as described.

7. A tilting liquid-indicator for indicating the maximum electric demandin a period of time comprising a reservoir, a feed-pipe having aconstricted passage and a receiver fed therefrom by an amount of liquidvarying with the maximum tilt of the indicator; substantially asdescribed.

8. A tilting liquid-indicator for indicating the maximum electric demandin a period of time comprising a reservoir, a feed-pipe, a receiver fedtherefrom by an amount of liquid varying With the maximum tilt of theindicator, and a replacing-tube, substantially as described.

9. A meter forindicating the maximum electric demand in a period oftime, comprising an armature, a heavily-ironed coil actuating it, and aliquid-indicator consisting of a tilting vessel including a reservoirand a receiver fed therefrom by decantation, substantially as described.

10. A meter for indicating the maximum electric demand in a given limitof time comprising an armature, a heavily-ironed coil actuating it, anda tilting liquid-indicator with a constricted feed-aperture operated bythe armature, substantially as described.

11. A meter for indicating the maximum electric demand in a given limitof time comprising an armature, a heavily-ironed coil actuating it, anda tilting liquid-indicator with a constricted feed-aperture andreturn-pipe operated by the armature, substantially as described.

12. A meter for indicating the maximum electric demand in a given limitof time com prising a stationary axial armature provided with a wing orwings at each end, a movable axial armature provided with a Wing orwings at each end actuated by the wings of the stationary armature andan indicator actuated by the movable armature, substantially asdescribed.

13. A meter for indicating the maximum electric demand in a given limitof time comprising an electric actuating device and a tiltingliquid-indicator adj ustably connected to its movable part,substantially as described.

14. A meter for indicating the maximum electric demand, in a given limitof time comprising an electric actuating device and a tiltingliquid-indicator connected to its movable part by a pivot upon which itmay turn for resetting, substantially as described.

In \vitnes's'whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twoWitnesses.

ARTHUR WRIGHT.

Witnesses:

JOHN REID DIoK, JAMES G. LORRAIN.

ICO

